After Raphael is the first overview of sixteenth-century Italian painting published in over 30 years to reevaluate the paintings of Raphael, Michelangelo, Pontormo, Bronzino and their followers in the light of recent research. Marcia Hall offers a new interpretation for the stylistic shifts that occurred after 1520. Taking into account the social, cultural, political, theological, and patronage issues that affected taste and stylistic developments, she demonstrates how the revival of interest in antique Roman sculpture relief affected Mannerist painters.